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KINETICS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 
Which of the following best describes temperature?
a.
heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical change
b.
a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
c.
heat energy
d.
energy of change
 

2. 
What is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 ºC or 1 K?
a.
specific heat
c.
heat capacity
b.
heat energy
d.
heat of formation
 

3. 
A 4.0 g sample of iron was heated from 0ºC to 20.ºC. It absorbed 35.2 J of energy as heat. What is the specific heat of this piece of iron?
a.
2816 J/g·ºC
c.
2.27 J/g
b.
2.27 J/g·ºC
d.
0.44 J/g·ºC
 

4. 
Enthalpy change is the
a.
pressure change of a system at constant temperature.
b.
entropy change of a system at constant pressure.
c.
temperature change of a system at constant pressure.
d.
amount of energy absorbed or lost by a system as heat during a process at constant pressure.
 
 
Heats of Formation (kJ/mol)
 
Heats of Combustion (kJ/mol)
Substance
Formula
DH0f
 
Substance
Formula
DH0c
ammonia(s)
NH3
      –45.9
 
hydrogen(g)
H2
      –285.8
barium nitrate(s)
Ba(NO3)2
      –992.1
 
carbon (graphite)(s)
C
      –393.5
benzene(l)
C6H6
      +49.1
 
carbon monoxide (g)
CO
      –283.0
calcium chloride(s)
CaCl2
      –795.4
 
methane (g)
CH4
      –890.8
carbon (diamond) (s)
C
      +1.9
 
ethane(g)
C2H6
      –1560.7
carbon (graphite)(s)
C
      0.0
 
propane(g)
C3H8
      –2219.2
carbon dioxide(g)
CO2
      –393.5
 
butane(g)
C4H10
      –2877.6
copper(II) sulfate(s)
CuSO4
      –771.4
 
pentane(g)
C5H12
      –3535.6
ethyne (acetylene)(g)
C2H2
      +228.2
 
hexane(l)
C6H14
      –4163.2
hydrogen chloride(g)
HCl
      –92.3
 
heptane(l)
C7H16
      –4817.0
water(l)
H2O
      –285.8
 
octane(l)
C8H18
      –5470.5
nitrogen dioxide(g)
NO2
      +33.2
 
ethene (ethylene)(g)
C2H4
      –1411.2
ozone(g)
O3
      +142.7
 
propene (propylene)(g)
C3H6
      –2058.0
sodium chloride(s)
NaCl
      –385.9
 
ethyne (acetylene)(g)
C2H2
      –1301.1
sulfur dioxide(g)
SO2
      –296.8
 
benzene(l)
C6H6
      –3267.6
zinc sulfate(s)
ZnSO4
      –980.1
 
toluene(l)
C7H8
      –3910.3
 

5. 
What is the heat of combustion of 1 mol of sulfur to form SO2?
a.
–593.6 kJ/mol
c.
0 kJ/mol
b.
–296.8 kJ/mol
d.
+296.8 kJ/mol
 

6. 
What is the heat of formation of ethane, C2H6?
a.
–870.7 kJ/mol
c.
+83.7 kJ/mol
b.
–83.7 kJ/mol
d.
+870.7 kJ/mol
 

7. 
Spontaneous reactions are driven by
a.
decreasing enthalpy and decreasing entropy.
b.
decreasing enthalpy and increasing entropy.
c.
increasing enthalpy and decreasing entropy.
d.
increasing enthalpy and increasing entropy.
 

8. 
Which of the following is a measure of the disorder in a system?
a.
entropy
c.
free energy
b.
enthalpy
d.
temperature
 

9. 
Which of the following substances has the highest entropy?
a.
steam
c.
liquid water
b.
ice water
d.
crushed ice
 

10. 
What is the sequence of steps in a reaction called?
a.
heterogeneous reaction
c.
overall reaction
b.
rate law
d.
reaction mechanism
 

11. 
To be effective, a collision requires
a.
sufficient energy.
b.
a favorable orientation.
c.
sufficient energy and a favorable orientation.
d.
a reaction mechanism.
 

12. 
Raising the temperature of reactants in a system
a.
increases the average molecular motion.
b.
decreases the average molecular motion.
c.
has no effect on the average molecular motion.
d.
disturbs the system so that the collision theory no longer applies.
 

13. 
The minimum energy required for an effective collision is called
a.
energy of enthalpy.
c.
free energy.
b.
activation energy.
d.
kinetic energy.
 

14. 
A short-lived structure formed during a collision is a(n)
<
a.
reagent.
c.
activated complex.
b.
catalyst.
d.
inhibitor.