IB Action Verbs

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As with all examinations, it is important to know what the examiners require. The IBO releases a list of key words and what they mean when referring to exam questions. The following are the general objectives for IB science followed by action verbs terms designed to asses each of these objectives.
Objective 1:  The objectives for all group 4 subjects reflect those parts of the aims that will be assessed. Wherever appropriate, the assessment will draw upon environmental and technological contexts and identify the social, moral and economic effects of science. It is the intention of all the Diploma Program experimental science courses that students achieve the following objectives.
1. Demonstrate an understanding of:
a. scientific facts and concepts
b. scientific methods and techniques
c. scientific terminology
d. methods of presenting scientific information.
Action Verbs:  These command terms indicate the depth of treatment required for a given assessment statement. These command terms will be used in examination questions, so it is important that students are familiar with the following definitions.
Define® Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase or physical quantity.
Draw® Represent by means of pencil lines.
Label® Add labels to a diagram.
List® Give a sequence of names or other brief answers with no explanation.
Measure® Find a value for a quantity.
State® Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.
Objective 2: Apply and use:
a. scientific facts and concepts
b. scientific methods and techniques
c. scientific terminology to communicate effectively
d. appropriate methods to present scientific information.
Action Verbs:  These command terms indicate the depth of treatment required for a given assessment statement. These command terms will be used in examination questions, so it is important that students are familiar with the following definitions.
Annotate® Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.
Apply® Use an idea, equation, principle, theory or law in a new situation.
Calculate® Find a numerical answer showing the relevant stages in the working (unless instructed
not to do so).
Describe® Give a detailed account.
Distinguish® Give the differences between two or more different items.
Estimate® Find an approximate value for an unknown quantity.
Identify® Find an answer from a given number of possibilities.
Outline ®Give a brief account or summary.
Objective 3: Construct, analyze and evaluate:
a. hypotheses, research questions and predictions
b. scientific methods and techniques
c. scientific explanations.
Action verbs:  These command terms indicate the depth of treatment required for a given assessment statement. These command terms will be used in examination questions, so it is important that students are familiar with the following definitions.
Analyze® Interpret data to reach conclusions.
Comment® Give a judgment based on a given statement or result of a calculation.
Compare® Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items, referring
to both (all) of them throughout.
Construct® Represent or develop in graphical form.
Deduce® Reach a conclusion from the information given.
Derive® Manipulate a mathematical relationship(s) to give a new equation or relationship.
Design® Produce a plan, simulation or model.
Determine® Find the only possible answer.
Discuss® Give an account including, where possible, a range of arguments for and against the
relative importance of various factors, or comparisons of alternative hypotheses.
Evaluate® Assess the implications and limitations.
Explain® Give a detailed account of causes, reasons or mechanisms.
Predict® Give an expected result.
Show® Give the steps in a calculation or derivation.
Sketch® Represent by means of a graph showing a line and labeled but un-scaled axes but with
important features (for example, intercept) clearly indicated.
Solve® Obtain an answer using algebraic and/or numerical methods.
Suggest® Propose a hypothesis or other possible answer.
Objective 4: Demonstrate the personal skills of cooperation, perseverance and responsibility appropriate for effective scientific investigation and problem solving.
Objective 5: Demonstrate the manipulative skills necessary to carry out scientific investigations with precision and
safety.